ДЕСЕРТИ. ПЛОДОВИ И ЯЙЧНО- МЛЕЧНИ ДЕСЕРТИ. НИШЕСТЕНИ И ЖЕЛАТИНОВИ ДЕСЕРТИ

 

ДЕСЕРТИ. ПЛОДОВИ И ЯЙЧНО- МЛЕЧНИ ДЕСЕРТИ.

НИШЕСТЕНИ И ЖЕЛАТИНОВИ ДЕСЕРТИ

 

  1. Характеристика

 

1.1. Физиологично значение на десертите:

–  формират чувство за ситост, което се определя от високото съдържание на захари

– прекратяват слюнкоотделянето от стомашно-чревния канал и го подготвят за правилно усвояване на храната;

– доставят удоволствие.

– плодовите десерти са източник на витамини, минерали, органични киселини, флавоноиди, етерични масла и др.

Усвояването на кухненските десерти се подобрява от порьозната структура на някои от тях, от съдържанието на киселини, от наличието на вкусови и ароматни вещества.

 

1.2. Продуктов набор – основните суровини за произвеждане на кухненски десерти са захар, прясно мляко, яйца, плодове, брашнени и зърнени продукти и други и подправки като ванилия, канела, лимонена киселина, кафе, какао и др. Голяма част от десертите се приготвят с желиращ агент (нишесте, желатин, агар-агар), поради което придобиват консистенция на желета.

 

  1. Видове десерти:

–   в зависимост от вида на основните продукти и технологията на приготвяне се разделят на:

кухненски десерти;

тестени сладкарски изделия

–   в зависимост от температурата на поднасяне се делят на:

студени десерти                                                                                       топли десерти:

       (при темп. 12 – 14°С) :                                                                   (при темп. 60 – 65°С)

плодови десерти:                                                                  -       суфлета;

–     пресни плодове;                                                       -       пудинги;

–     печени плодове;                                                       –       омлети.

–     варени плодове: ошави; компоти.

желирани десерти:

–     млечно-нишестени кремове и кисели:

(крем ванилия, малеби, мляко с ориз, мляко с грис,

ашуре, кисели и др.);

–     желатинови десерти:

–     млечни желета;

                  –     плодови желета;

                  –     плодова пяна

                  –     млечно-желатинови кремове

(крем ванилия, крем шоколад, плодов крем, крем с бишкоти и конфитюр, студени шарлоти и др.)

–    яйчно-млечни десерти

(крем карамел, макарони на фурна, топли шарлоти).

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