СЕЛЕН И ЗДРАВЕ
Селенът е сред вещества, които контролират образуването на активните форми на кислорода в организма. Недостигът му обаче е често срещано явление.
Липсата на селен в организма води до доста неприятни последици. При него кислородът започва да разрушава една част от витамините в организма. Недостигът намалява имунната система и силите на системата за детоксикация. Когато това се случи, организмът не може да се бори с болестотворните организми, както и с образуването на раковите клетки.
Получава се кръг от нарушена обмяна на веществата, който може да доведе до сериозни негативни последици. Това са най-вече косопат, анемия, диабет и редица онкологични и сърдечно съдови заболявания. Дефицитът на селен предизвика още чернодробна некроза.
Установено е, че като есенциален микроелемент селенът влиза в състава на много ензими. Той е необходим за функционирането на мускулите, за синтезата на инсулина и на хормоните на щитовидната жлеза – едни от най-важните в обмяната на енергията и веществата.
Елементът се открива още в морските дарове, чесън и зеле. Друг начин да се натрупа в организма е чрез дишането и кожата, тъй като се изпарява от горните земни слоеве, вулканичните пушеци и термалните води.
Симптомите на селеновия дефицит се изразява в развитието на кардиомиопатиите. Те са причина за миокардна смъртност при хората. Освен това може да се наблюдава преждевременно намалена издръжливост и жизнена сила.
Главните симптоми при продължителен дефицит се наблюдават в две области на тялото – сърцето и ставите. При сърцето се развива специфично заболяване, наречено болест на Кешан. То може да се предотврати чрез прием на високи нива на селен. Изразява се в аритмия и загуба на сърдечна тъкан.
Друг симптом е специфично заболяване на ставите, наречено болест на Кашин-Бек. Свързано е с израждането на свързващата тъкан. При случаи на тежък дефицит на селен, придружени от тежко общо недохранване, симптомите са слабост или болка в мускулите, загуба на цвета на косата и кожата, избелване на нокътните основи също.
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