ЗАДЪЛЖЕНИЯ НА РАБОТОДАТЕЛЯ ПО ОТНОШЕНИЕ НА НЯКОИ КАТЕГОРИИ ТРУДЕЩИ СЕ
- Задължения на работодателя по отношение на някои категории трудещи се
- Специална закрила на непълнолетните (КТ):
а) минимална възраст за приемане на работа – 16 год.
б) изключения за лица ненавършили 13, 14 и 15 год.:
– при договор в областта на изкуствата;
– с писмено съгласие на един от родителите;
– с разрешение от Инспекцията по труда (ИТ);
– с медицинско от лекарска комисия.
в) работно време при трудово правоотношение:
– 35 часа седмично, 7 часов работен ден, 5 дневна работна седмица ;
– минимум 26 работни дни платен годишен отпуск.
- Специална закрила на жените:
а) забранено е (съгласно КТ) извършването на вредни за здравето и майчинските функции на жените работи;
б) при 20 и повече жени работодателят е длъжен да обзаведе стаи за лична хигиена на жените и стаи за почивка на бременните
в) право на допълнителен отпуск;
г) забрана за нощен и извънреден труд;
д) забрана за работа при вредни за здравето условия на труд, шум, вибрации, ултразвук, електромагнитни полета с промишлена честота, токсични вещества над допустимите хигиенни норми, тежък физически труд и др.
е) право на платен отпуск за гледане на малко дете до 2 год.възраст – 2 год. при наличие на трудов договор, 1 год. без трудов договор.
ж) право на неплатен отпуск до 8 год.възраст на всяко дете – 6 месеца на майката и 6 на бащата, като единият може да се откаже в полза на другия;
з) бременна жена и майка на дете до 3 год.възраст:
– не може да бъде командирована без писмено съгласие;
– не може да бъде уволнена без разрешение на ИТ.
и) майка на дете до 6 год.възраст има право да работи надомно и на намален работен ден.
- Специална закрила на лицата с намалена работоспособност:
а) трудоустрояване
– временно (срокът се определя от здр.органи)
– от лекуващия лекар;
– от лекарска консултативна комисия (ЛКК);
– от териториална експертна лекарска комисия (ТЕЛК);
– от национална експертна лекарска комисия (НЕЛК).
– трайно (от ТЕЛК и НЕЛК);
– при облекчени условия на труд.
б) задължения на работодателя (на над 50 работници/служители):
– ежегодно определя работни места за трудоустроени;
– осигурява достъпен маршрут до работни места, санитарни възли и спомагателни помещения за хората с увреждания.
в) права на лицата с намалена трудоспособност:
– работа в специализирани предприятия, цехове и звена (за лица с определена степен на инвалидност);
– платен отпуск минимум 26 работни дни (за лица загубили 50 и повече% от трудоспособността си);
– парично обезщетение за разликата в заплатите, ако получава по-ниска заплата от преди (за трудоустроените за определен срок);
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