ЗАДЪЛЖЕНИЯ НА РАБОТОДАТЕЛЯ ПО ОТНОШЕНИЕ НА НЯКОИ КАТЕГОРИИ ТРУДЕЩИ СЕ

  • Задължения на работодателя по отношение на някои категории трудещи се

 

  • Специална закрила на непълнолетните (КТ):

а)   минимална възраст за приемане на работа – 16 год.

б)   изключения за лица ненавършили 13, 14 и 15 год.:

–     при договор в областта на изкуствата;

–     с писмено съгласие на един от родителите;

–     с разрешение от Инспекцията по труда (ИТ);

–     с медицинско от лекарска комисия.

в)   работно време при трудово правоотношение:

–     35 часа седмично, 7 часов работен ден, 5 дневна работна седмица ;

–     минимум 26 работни дни платен годишен отпуск.

  • Специална закрила на жените:

а)   забранено е (съгласно КТ) извършването на вредни за здравето и майчинските функции на жените работи;

б)   при 20 и повече жени работодателят е длъжен да обзаведе стаи за лична хигиена на жените и стаи за почивка на бременните

в)   право на допълнителен отпуск;

г)   забрана за нощен и извънреден труд;

д)   забрана за работа при вредни за здравето условия на труд, шум, вибрации, ултразвук, електромагнитни полета с промишлена честота, токсични вещества над допустимите хигиенни норми, тежък физически труд и др.

е)   право на платен отпуск за гледане на малко дете до 2 год.възраст  – 2 год. при наличие на трудов договор, 1 год. без трудов договор.

ж)  право на неплатен отпуск до 8 год.възраст на всяко дете – 6 месеца на майката и 6 на бащата, като единият може да се откаже в полза на другия;

з)   бременна жена и майка на дете до 3 год.възраст:

–    не може да бъде командирована без писмено съгласие;

–    не може да бъде уволнена без разрешение на ИТ.

и)   майка на дете до 6 год.възраст има право да работи надомно и на намален работен ден.

  • Специална закрила на лицата с намалена работоспособност:

а)   трудоустрояване

–     временно (срокът се определя от здр.органи)

–     от лекуващия лекар;

–     от лекарска консултативна комисия (ЛКК);

–     от териториална експертна лекарска комисия (ТЕЛК);

–     от национална експертна лекарска комисия (НЕЛК).

–     трайно (от ТЕЛК и НЕЛК);

–     при облекчени условия на труд.

б)   задължения на работодателя (на над 50 работници/служители):

–     ежегодно определя работни места за трудоустроени;

–     осигурява достъпен маршрут до работни места, санитарни възли и спомагателни помещения за хората с увреждания.

в)   права на лицата с намалена трудоспособност:

–     работа в специализирани предприятия, цехове и звена (за лица с определена степен на инвалидност);

–     платен отпуск минимум 26 работни дни (за лица загубили 50 и повече% от трудоспособността си);

–     парично обезщетение за разликата в заплатите, ако получава по-ниска заплата от преди (за трудоустроените за определен срок);

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