КОНЯК, АРМАНЯК, ЛИКЬОР

Коняк

По международен закон името “Коняк” може да носи само дестилат произведен в област Коняк, Франция.

Коняк е дестилат от ферментирал гроздов. Ферментацията протича за 3-5 седмици, получава се кисело вино с нисък алкохолен процент. Около 9 литра вино са нужни за всеки литър дестилат за коняк.

Дестилатът е с 70% спиртно съдържание и се омекотява чрез отлежаване.

Конякът се разделя на няколко групи по качества

VS (very special)- отлежали минимум 3 години но не повече от 5 години;

VSOP (very special-superior old pale)-отлежали минимум  4½ години;

XO,VVSOP (extra old; very, very special-superior old pale)- бленд от фини отлежали над 5 години дестилати.

Арманяк

По международен закон името “Арманяк” може да носи само дестилат произведен от ябълки в област Арманяк, Франция.

Дестилат от ферментирала ябълкова смес (вино, сайдер), отлежала в дъбови бъчви. У нас наричаме това питие ябълкова ракия.

Ликьор

Спиртни напитки със спиртно съдържание от 15 до 42% допълнително подсладени.

Разделят се на обикновени и натурални.

Натуралните са изобретени  от монаси в централна и западна Европа през 14 в., и са използвани с лечебна цел през средните вековесе .

Произвеждат се на основа на настоиване на плодове или билки с дестилат за коняк, плодови брендита, водка, уиски, бренди, ром, джин.

Използват се като деджестиви за подобряване на храносмилането и за коктейли.

Обикновените представляват смес от спирт, захар, вода, оцветител и аромат.

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