СРЕДСТВА ЗА СИГНАЛИЗАЦИЯ И МАРКИРОВКА ЗА ОСИГУРЯВАНЕ НА ЗБУТ

Средства за сигнализация и маркировка за осигуряване на здравословни и безопасни условия на труд

 

  • Знаци, предупредителни надписи и маркировка:

а)   видове знаци в зависимост от изпълнението им:

–     знаци – табели

–     знаци – лепенки

б)   видове знаци в зависимост от съдържащата се информация

Таблица 1.4.

форма повърхност ограждаща линия графичен символ
-   забраняващи кръгла бяла Червена черен
-   предупреждаващи триъгълна жълта черна черен
-   задължаващи кръгла синя бял
-   указателни правоъг./

квадратна

зелена

червена (ПБ)

бял
EXIT

 

Таблица 1.5.

Общо използване на цветовете за сигнализиране и маркировка

Цвят Използване Инструкция или информация
Червен Забраняващ знак Опасно поведение
Авариен сигнал Спри! Изключи!

Аварийни прекъсвачи! Евакуация!

Противопожарно оборудване Означаване и местоположение
Жълт Предупреждаващ знак Бъди внимателен! Бъди предпазлив!

Провеждат се изпитания!

Син Противопожарно оборудване Специфично поведение или действие. Ползвай лични предпазни средства!
Зелен Аварийно евакуиране

Знак за първа помощ

Врати, изходи, пътища, оборудване, улеснения
Няма опасност Върни се към нормално положение!

 

  • Знаци за означаване на аварийните пътища – бял или жълт цвят
  • Сигнали при товаро-разтоварни дейности:

а)   сигнали, подавани с ръка:

–    дават инструкции за определени действия или маневри;

–    подават се само от обучени за тези действия работници.

б)   светещи и звукови сигнализации;

в)   индикаторни устройства (за ниво).

  • Оцветяване:
  • неподвижните части на машините – в по-тъмни тонове;
  • подвижните части на машините – в по-светли тонове;
  • шините за различните фази – в определените цветове;
  • тръбопроводите – според предназначението им и флуида.
    • Предпазни табели:
  • предупреждават за опасността от електрически ток;
  • поставят се на места, определени от правила;
  • не могат да се свалят или преместват самоволно;
  • поставят се и се снемат от едно и също упълномощено лице
  • на стълбовете на електропроводите за високо напрежение.
    • Предупредителна сигнализация, съчетана с маркировка:
  • при наличие на електростатично поле;
  • като светлинна сигнализация на комини и др. високи съоръжения
  • на работното оборудване;
  • пожароизвестителни системи;
  • на входове на взривоопасни места;
  • при места с ниски и високи температури;
  • парапети, ограждащи специални площадки
    • Звукови сигнали:

а)   за посочване на определена степен на опасност:

–    импулси с определена продължителност и на определени интервал;

–    обозначаващи:

–     пренос на товари от кранове;

–     висока температура;

–     повишено налягане

б)   при аварийна ситуация (късо съединение в мрежата)

в)   при необходимост от евакуация на хората:

–     продължителен сигнал, отличаващ се по времетраене.

–     когато други знаци и сигнали за БТ и ПБ не могат да бъдат подадени или възприети.

  • Светещи знаци (с аварийно захранване) – използват се за:
  • забрани;
  • предупреждения;
  • задължения;
  • указания за аварийни изходи и първа помощ;
  • указания за противопожарно оборудване.

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